Property finance

Commercial mortgages

Owner-occupied commercial property, bank terms, SBA 504 structures, debt service coverage and down payments.

Typical shapeTerms depend on product, provider, borrower strength and use of fundsMarket framing, not a quote or approval range.

Often used for

  • Owners comparing structures before applying
  • A documented business purpose
  • Borrowers who want to model repayment first

Check closely

  • Headline rates without total cost
  • Guarantees and liens
  • Payment frequency
  • Provider-specific eligibility

Start with the business need

Define the amount, date required, use of funds and expected cash return. Those four facts narrow the product set before any lender markets an offer.

Compare like with like

For commercial mortgages, put cash received, total repayment, term, payment frequency, fees, security and early-pay treatment into one table. The lowest advertised rate is not useful when products use different cost formats.

Check the downside

Model the payment against a weak month and include existing debt, payroll and tax obligations. Financing should bridge or fund a defined business outcome, not hide a recurring operating loss.

Realistic worked example

Commercial mortgage

An owner-user buys a $1.2 million building with 20% equity and a 20-year amortization, but the bank note matures after five years.

Equity$240,000

Loan$960,000

MaturityFive years with balance remaining

Run the math. The payment follows 20-year amortization, while the remaining principal is due or refinanced at year five. Appraisal, environmental and closing costs are additional.

Decision. Model the year-five balance at a higher refinance rate and lower property value. Amortization and maturity are separate contract terms.

Illustrative example, not a lender quote or a report about a specific customer. Actual pricing, fees, taxes and legal terms vary.

Start with the legal structure

A commercial mortgage secures business property. Owner-occupied deals may also fit SBA 7(a) or 504 structures.

Marketing categories often mix the use of funds with the contract. Working capital describes what the money does. A term loan, revolving line, lease or receivables purchase describes the obligation. Keeping those labels separate stops a fast sales pitch from turning unlike products into one rate table.

Put price on one clock

Compare rate, amortization, balloon date, appraisal, environmental and legal costs.

A 25-year amortization with a 10-year balloon leaves a balance to refinance after 120 payments. The monthly quote alone hides that event. The example is not a market quote. It shows the arithmetic an owner should run with the actual amount, payment dates and fees from a written offer.

Repayment and security

Payments may amortize over 20 or 25 years even when the loan matures earlier. The property is mortgaged, and owner guarantees or additional collateral may apply.

Run the proposed schedule through a low-revenue month. Keep taxes, payroll, rent, suppliers and existing debt in the forecast. If the business needs another advance merely to carry the new payment, the amount or product is wrong.

A five-column comparison before applying

Cash receivedThe amount delivered after withheld fees
Total repaymentEvery required dollar if held to term
PaymentAmount, timing and frequency
SecurityGuarantee, lien and collateral
Early payoffWhether future cost is removed

Decision rule

Stress-test occupancy value and the balloon, not just today's rate.

Before submitting bank data, write down the amount required, date needed, expected cash return and maximum safe payment. Those four facts will eliminate more poor offers than a long list of advertised lender limits.

Documents and questions that change the answer

Ask the seller for a dated invoice, serial or asset details, condition, delivery timing and cash price. A lender can finance only the asset it can identify and value. Used, imported or highly specialized property may receive a lower advance, leaving a larger deposit than the headline percentage suggests.

Ownership at the end deserves the same attention as the first payment. Record any balloon, residual, fair-market-value option, return standard and lien-release process. Add insurance, appraisal and documentation charges to the comparison. A cheap monthly schedule can become an expensive exit when the business wants to sell or replace the asset early.

Keep the first comparison small enough to read. Three written offers are more useful than ten callbacks with missing figures. Reject any result that will not identify the provider, total obligation or payment schedule before acceptance, then spend the saved time checking the agreements that remain.

Next step

Put a real amount through the repayment calculator.

Open calculator →